Post by pling on Jan 5, 2016 18:45:41 GMT
Ut fra artiklene nedenfor vil et nytt og bedre batteri bruke lang tid (mer enn 10 år) fra det er kommersielt tilgjengelig på markedet før det vil erstatte lithium-ion batterier til el.biler, portable batteridrevne enheter osv. Dette bl.a. fordi andelen lithium i batterier i dag utgjør mindre enn 3% av den totale batterikostnaden.
Fra idtechex.com, oktober 2015
Advanced and Post Lithium-ion Batteries 2016-2026: Technologies, Markets, Forecasts
- Advanced and post lithium-ion batteries will account for $14 billion by 2026 (Silicon anode, solid-state, sulphur, lithium-air, sodium-ion and magnesium batteries, and lithium capacitors)
- Lithium-ion is the best battery technology we have ever seen. It has increased energy density by 5% per year and decreased its cost at 8% per year. However it will not achieve transformative factors of five in cost and performance and this is just because of the inherent material limitations.
- A new generation of battery technologies will be necessary in order to address the existing and future challenges of the increasingly complex energy systems our society will require. Better batteries will be required not only in electric cars and consumer electronics but in wearable electronics, electric boats and aircrafts, in your house, office and communities.
- Whilst existing battery technologies such as lead acid and lithium-ion batteries will dominate the battery market in the following 10 years, advanced and post lithium-ion batteries given the right conditions can potentially take a considerable dent of about 10% of whole battery market. This is mainly because some of them are already in use in niche segments that will present high growth in the following 10 years.
Fra globalxfunds.com, 2012
- The cost of lithium in a battery is negligible: it represents less than 3% of the total cost. Hence, minimal risk of being replaced.
- Almost 95% of the batteries used in electronic devices are based in lithium.
- Even though 65% of lithium reserves concentrate in Bolivia and Chile’s continental brines, lithium is also abundant and economically viable in hard rock minerals. Australia, which only has hard rock deposits, has become the second largest producer of lithium after Chile.
Kanskje lithiumbatterier med anode bestående av titanbelagte nanotråder av silisium blir det nye store?
- We demonstrate that silicon nanowire (SiNW) Li-ion battery anodes that are conformally coated with TiO2 using atomic layer deposition (ALD) show a remarkable performance improvement. The coulombic efficiency is increased to ∼99%, among the highest ever reported for SiNWs, as compared to 95% for the baseline uncoated samples. The capacity retention after 100 cycles for the nanocomposite is twice as high as that of the baseline at 0.1 C (60% vs. 30%), and more than three times higher at 5 C (34% vs. 10%). We also demonstrate that the microstructure of the coatings is critically important for achieving this effect. Titanium dioxide coatings with an as-deposited anatase structure are nowhere near as effective as amorphous ones, the latter proving much more resistant to delamination from the SiNW core. We use TEM to demonstrate that upon lithiation the amorphous coating develops a highly dispersed nanostructure comprised of crystalline LiTiO2 and a secondary amorphous phase. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) combined with bulk and surface analytical techniques are employed to highlight the passivating effect of TiO2, which results in significantly fewer cycling-induced electrolyte decomposition products as compared to the bare nanowires.
Fra idtechex.com, oktober 2015
Advanced and Post Lithium-ion Batteries 2016-2026: Technologies, Markets, Forecasts
- Advanced and post lithium-ion batteries will account for $14 billion by 2026 (Silicon anode, solid-state, sulphur, lithium-air, sodium-ion and magnesium batteries, and lithium capacitors)
- Lithium-ion is the best battery technology we have ever seen. It has increased energy density by 5% per year and decreased its cost at 8% per year. However it will not achieve transformative factors of five in cost and performance and this is just because of the inherent material limitations.
- A new generation of battery technologies will be necessary in order to address the existing and future challenges of the increasingly complex energy systems our society will require. Better batteries will be required not only in electric cars and consumer electronics but in wearable electronics, electric boats and aircrafts, in your house, office and communities.
- Whilst existing battery technologies such as lead acid and lithium-ion batteries will dominate the battery market in the following 10 years, advanced and post lithium-ion batteries given the right conditions can potentially take a considerable dent of about 10% of whole battery market. This is mainly because some of them are already in use in niche segments that will present high growth in the following 10 years.
Fra globalxfunds.com, 2012
- The cost of lithium in a battery is negligible: it represents less than 3% of the total cost. Hence, minimal risk of being replaced.
- Almost 95% of the batteries used in electronic devices are based in lithium.
- Even though 65% of lithium reserves concentrate in Bolivia and Chile’s continental brines, lithium is also abundant and economically viable in hard rock minerals. Australia, which only has hard rock deposits, has become the second largest producer of lithium after Chile.
Kanskje lithiumbatterier med anode bestående av titanbelagte nanotråder av silisium blir det nye store?
- We demonstrate that silicon nanowire (SiNW) Li-ion battery anodes that are conformally coated with TiO2 using atomic layer deposition (ALD) show a remarkable performance improvement. The coulombic efficiency is increased to ∼99%, among the highest ever reported for SiNWs, as compared to 95% for the baseline uncoated samples. The capacity retention after 100 cycles for the nanocomposite is twice as high as that of the baseline at 0.1 C (60% vs. 30%), and more than three times higher at 5 C (34% vs. 10%). We also demonstrate that the microstructure of the coatings is critically important for achieving this effect. Titanium dioxide coatings with an as-deposited anatase structure are nowhere near as effective as amorphous ones, the latter proving much more resistant to delamination from the SiNW core. We use TEM to demonstrate that upon lithiation the amorphous coating develops a highly dispersed nanostructure comprised of crystalline LiTiO2 and a secondary amorphous phase. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) combined with bulk and surface analytical techniques are employed to highlight the passivating effect of TiO2, which results in significantly fewer cycling-induced electrolyte decomposition products as compared to the bare nanowires.